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...showing setup steps, some peculiarities as --net option, and a
general side-to-side comparison with slirp4netns(1), including
"quick" TCP and UDP throughput and latency benchmarks.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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To reach (at least) a conceptually equivalent security level as
implemented by --enable-sandbox in slirp4netns, we need to create a
new mount namespace and pivot_root() into a new (empty) mountpoint, so
that passt and pasta can't access any filesystem resource after
initialisation.
While at it, also detach IPC, PID (only for passt, to prevent
vulnerabilities based on the knowledge of a target PID), and UTS
namespaces.
With this approach, if we apply the seccomp filters right after the
configuration step, the number of allowed syscalls grows further. To
prevent this, defer the application of seccomp policies after the
initialisation phase, before the main loop, that's where we expect bad
things to happen, potentially. This way, we get back to 22 allowed
syscalls for passt and 34 for pasta, on x86_64.
While at it, move #syscalls notes to specific code paths wherever it
conceptually makes sense.
We have to open all the file handles we'll ever need before
sandboxing:
- the packet capture file can only be opened once, drop instance
numbers from the default path and use the (pre-sandbox) PID instead
- /proc/net/tcp{,v6} and /proc/net/udp{,v6}, for automatic detection
of bound ports in pasta mode, are now opened only once, before
sandboxing, and their handles are stored in the execution context
- the UNIX domain socket for passt is also bound only once, before
sandboxing: to reject clients after the first one, instead of
closing the listening socket, keep it open, accept and immediately
discard new connection if we already have a valid one
Clarify the (unchanged) behaviour for --netns-only in the man page.
To actually make passt and pasta processes run in a separate PID
namespace, we need to unshare(CLONE_NEWPID) before forking to
background (if configured to do so). Introduce a small daemon()
implementation, __daemon(), that additionally saves the PID file
before forking. While running in foreground, the process itself can't
move to a new PID namespace (a process can't change the notion of its
own PID): mention that in the man page.
For some reason, fork() in a detached PID namespace causes SIGTERM
and SIGQUIT to be ignored, even if the handler is still reported as
SIG_DFL: add a signal handler that just exits.
We can now drop most of the pasta_child_handler() implementation,
that took care of terminating all processes running in the same
namespace, if pasta started a shell: the shell itself is now the
init process in that namespace, and all children will terminate
once the init process exits.
Issuing 'echo $$' in a detached PID namespace won't return the
actual namespace PID as seen from the init namespace: adapt
demo and test setup scripts to reflect that.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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The new tests check build and a simple case with pasta sending a
short message in both directions (namespace to init, init to
namespace).
Tests cover a mix of Debian, Fedora, OpenSUSE and Ubuntu combinations
on aarch64, i386, ppc64, ppc64le, s390x, x86_64.
Builds tested starting from approximately glibc 2.19, gcc 4.7, and
actual functionality approximately from 4.4 kernels, glibc 2.25,
gcc 4.8, all the way up to current glibc/gcc/kernel versions.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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It shouldn't refer to the subsection under "Features".
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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Depending on the C library, but not necessarily in all the
functions we use, statx() might be used instead of stat(),
getdents() instead of getdents64(), readlinkat() instead of
readlink(), openat() instead of open().
On aarch64, it's clone() and not fork(), and dup3() instead of
dup2() -- just allow the existing alternative instead of dealing
with per-arch selections.
Since glibc commit 9a7565403758 ("posix: Consolidate fork
implementation"), we need to allow set_robust_list() for
fork()/clone(), even in a single-threaded context.
On some architectures, epoll_pwait() is provided instead of
epoll_wait(), but never both. Same with newfstat() and
fstat(), sigreturn() and rt_sigreturn(), getdents64() and
getdents(), readlink() and readlinkat(), unlink() and
unlinkat(), whereas pipe() might not be available, but
pipe2() always is, exclusively or not.
Seen on Fedora 34: newfstatat() is used on top of fstat().
syslog() is an actual system call on some glibc/arch combinations,
instead of a connect()/send() implementation.
On ppc64 and ppc64le, _llseek(), recv(), send() and getuid()
are used. For ppc64 only: ugetrlimit() for the getrlimit()
implementation, plus sigreturn() and fcntl64().
On s390x, additionally, we need to allow socketcall() (on top
of socket()), and sigreturn() also for passt (not just for
pasta).
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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Updating md2html on the server needs a few adjustments.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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SPDX tags don't replace license files. Some notices were missing and
some tags were not according to the SPDX specification, too.
Now reuse --lint from the REUSE tool (https://reuse.software/) passes.
Reported-by: Martin Hauke <mardnh@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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As we support UDP forwarding for packets that are sent to local
ports, we actually need some kind of connection tracking for UDP.
While at it, this commit introduces a number of vaguely related fixes
for issues observed while trying this out. In detail:
- implement an explicit, albeit minimalistic, connection tracking
for UDP, to allow usage of ephemeral ports by the guest and by
the host at the same time, by binding them dynamically as needed,
and to allow mapping address changes for packets with a loopback
address as destination
- set the guest MAC address whenever we receive a packet from tap
instead of waiting for an ARP request, and set it to broadcast on
start, otherwise DHCPv6 might not work if all DHCPv6 requests time
out before the guest starts talking IPv4
- split context IPv6 address into address we assign, global or site
address seen on tap, and link-local address seen on tap, and make
sure we use the addresses we've seen as destination (link-local
choice depends on source address). Similarly, for IPv4, split into
address we assign and address we observe, and use the address we
observe as destination
- introduce a clock_gettime() syscall right after epoll_wait() wakes
up, so that we can remove all the other ones and pass the current
timestamp to tap and socket handlers -- this is additionally needed
by UDP to time out bindings to ephemeral ports and mappings between
loopback address and a local address
- rename sock_l4_add() to sock_l4(), no semantic changes intended
- include <arpa/inet.h> in passt.c before kernel headers so that we
can use <netinet/in.h> macros to check IPv6 address types, and
remove a duplicate <linux/ip.h> inclusion
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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...otherwise some links on the bottom won't be clickable.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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This implementation, similarly to the IPv4 DHCP one, hands out a
single address, which is the same as the upstream address for the
host.
This avoids the need for address translation as long as the client
runs a DHCPv6 client. The NDP "Managed" flag is now set in Router
Advertisements.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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...and mention it in the README.
While at it, remove useless escaping in the README, and fix
indentation in the syslog message with the qemu command line
example.
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>
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