Even if CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE is granted, we'll lose the capability in
the target user namespace as we isolate the process, which means
we're unable to bind to low ports at that point.

Bind inbound ports, and only those, before isolate_user(). Keep the
handling of outbound ports (for pasta mode only) after the setup of
the namespace, because that's where we'll bind them.

To this end, initialise the netlink socket for the init namespace
before isolate_user() as well, as we actually need to know the
addresses of the upstream interface before binding ports, in case
they're not explicitly passed by the user.

As we now call nl_sock_init() twice, checking its return code from
conf() twice looks a bit heavy: make it exit(), instead, as we
can't do much if we don't have netlink sockets.

While at it:

- move the v4_only && v6_only options check just after the first
  option processing loop, as this is more strictly related to
  option parsing proper

- update the man page, explaining that CAP_NET_BIND_SERVICE is
  *not* the preferred way to bind ports, because passt and pasta
  can be abused to allow other processes to make effective usage
  of it. Add a note about the recommended sysctl instead

- simplify nl_sock_init_do() now that it's called once for each
  case

Reported-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>

Now that the back end allows passt/pasta to use different external
interfaces for IPv4 and IPv6, use that to do the right thing in the case
that the host has IPv4 and IPv6 connectivity via different interfaces.
If the user hasn't explicitly chosen an interface, separately search for
a suitable external interface for each protocol.

As a bonus, this substantially simplifies the external interface probe.  It
also eliminates a subtle confusing case where in some circumstances we
would pick the first interface in interface index order, and sometimes in
order of routes returned from netlink.  On some network configurations that
could cause tests to fail, because the logic in the tests was subtly
different (it always used route order).

Signed-off-by: David Gibson <david@gibson.dropbear.id.au>

Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>

...at the moment, just for consistency with packet.h, icmp.h,
tcp.h and udp.h.

Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>

SPDX tags don't replace license files. Some notices were missing and
some tags were not according to the SPDX specification, too.

Now reuse --lint from the REUSE tool (https://reuse.software/) passes.

Reported-by: Martin Hauke <mardnh@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>

Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>

Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>

Move netlink routines to their own file, and use netlink to configure
or fetch all the information we need, except for the TUNSETIFF ioctl.

Move pasta-specific functions to their own file as well, add
parameters and calls to configure the tap interface in the namespace.

Signed-off-by: Stefano Brivio <sbrivio@redhat.com>